The name ‘Coyote’ is from the Mexican Spanish language and its scientific name means ‘barking dog’. The coyote is one of 8 species of the genus Canis.
Coyotes are carnivores and have a 90% mammalian diet. They feed upon a variety of prey such as voles, squirrels, birds, snakes, javelinas, lizards, deer, mice and livestock as well as large insects and other large invertebrates.
Part of the coyotes success as a species is its dietary adaptability. As such, coyotes have been known to eat human rubbish and domestic pets. Fruits and vegetables are a significant part of the coyotes diet in the autumn and winter months. Coyotes will also consume large amounts of carrion (animal carcasses), however, they do prefer fresh meat.
They are able to dig their own burrows but are more likely to take over and inhabit burrows made by badgers. Coyotes travel along fixed trails and have a territory range of up to 19 kilometres.
Coyotes are fast animals and can reach speeds of up to 40 – 45 miles per hour and they can jump over 4 metres. Coyotes usually hunt in pairs, however, they have been known to travel in large groups.
Their packs consist of closely related adults, yearlings and pups. Groups are referred to as either packs, bands or routs. They were once diurnal animals but have adapted in becoming nocturnal due to human interference.
