5. Finches and Canaries – The Hands-Off Musical Avians

For those who appreciate the beauty and sound of birds but prefer a more hands-off experience, finches (like the Zebra Finch or Society Finch) and Canaries (*Serinus canaria domestica*) are an excellent choice. These birds are not parrots; their primary appeal lies in observing their social flock behavior and, in the case of canaries, listening to their beautiful song.

Overview and Temperament

Finches and canaries have shorter lifespans than parrots; finches typically live 3-7 years, while canaries can live up to 10 years. They are not birds that enjoy being handled. Attempting to hold them is extremely stressful and should be avoided unless necessary for health checks. Finches are social and should be kept in pairs or small groups (always check for species compatibility, as some can be aggressive). Canaries are more solitary and a single male, prized for his song, will be perfectly content on his own.

Specific Care Needs for Finches and Canaries

Diet: A high-quality finch seed mix or a very small pelleted diet can form the base of their nutrition. However, this must be supplemented to be complete. Offer a commercial egg food (a crumble made from egg and biscuit) or a homemade version several times a week. Finely chopped greens like kale, broccoli, and dandelion greens are also essential. A cuttlebone should always be available as a source of calcium.

Housing: For these birds, cage length is far more important than height. They need a long flight cage to allow for horizontal flight, which is their main form of exercise. A minimum cage length of 30 inches is recommended for a pair of finches. Bar spacing must be tight, no more than 1/2 inch. Provide multiple food and water stations to prevent a dominant bird from guarding resources.

Enrichment: The primary enrichment for finches is the company of other finches and the ability to fly. They also enjoy swings, ladders, and small bells. A shallow dish of fresh water offered daily for bathing is a must and provides a wonderful opportunity for observation. Canaries, while solitary, also need a flight cage and simple toys to stay stimulated.

Common Health Concerns

Finches and canaries are susceptible to air-sac mites, an internal parasite that affects the respiratory system. Signs can include clicking sounds when breathing or open-mouthed breathing. Egg-binding can be a serious problem for female birds. Leg problems and overgrown nails are also common if perches are not varied and the cage is not kept clean. Regular observation is the best tool for an owner, as catching signs of illness early is key for these delicate birds.